November 15, 2009
Commodity inflation
Why are the prices of so many commodities rising in an economy that seems to remain quite weak?
Continue reading "Commodity inflation"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:36 AM permalink | Comments (41)
November 09, 2009
Guest Contribution: The Liquidity Trap Does Not Make Monetary Policy Ineffective
By Joseph E. Gagnon
Today, we're fortunate to have Joe Gagnon, senior fellow at the Peterson Institute for International Economics, as a guest contributor.
Continue reading "Guest Contribution: The Liquidity Trap Does Not Make Monetary Policy Ineffective"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 02:31 PM permalink | Comments (10)
October 27, 2009
Improving financial regulation and supervision
There were some other very interesting presentations at the conference hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston last week. Fed Chair Ben Bernanke spoke on Financial Regulation and Supervision after the Crisis while Princeton Professor Alan Blinder's message was It's Broke, Let's Fix It: Rethinking Financial Regulation. Here I summarize four key reforms these speakers addressed.
Continue reading "Improving financial regulation and supervision"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:03 PM permalink | Comments (12)
October 25, 2009
Evaluating the new tools of monetary policy
Last week I participated in a conference hosted by the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston, at which I discussed the new lending programs and asset acquisitions pursued by the Federal Reserve over the last two years. Previously I shared with Econbrowser readers empirical evidence on the effects these targeted liquidity operations seem to have had. Below I reproduce my remarks from the conference on the underlying motivation for using such measures, in which I suggested that the critical question is what was the underlying cause of the financial stress to which the Fed was responding. I distinguished between two possible interpretations of how the financial crisis arose.
Continue reading "Evaluating the new tools of monetary policy"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:03 AM permalink | Comments (12)
October 14, 2009
Targeted liquidity operations
During the last two years, the Federal Reserve responded to problems in the financial markets through what I have described as monetary policy using the asset side of the Fed's balance sheet, replacing its traditional holdings of Treasury securities with a variety of new lending programs and alternative assets. I've been taking a look at what effect these operations seem to have had on the problems they were designed to address.
Continue reading "Targeted liquidity operations"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:56 AM permalink | Comments (18)
September 28, 2009
Guest Contribution: Lessons from the 1970s for Fed Policy Today
By David Papell
Today, we're fortunate to have David Papell, Professor of Economics at University of Houston, as a guest contributor.
The Federal Open Market Committee voted last Wednesday to keep the federal funds target rate at a record low of between zero and 0.25 percent. If it was not constrained by the zero lower bound, should the federal funds rate be negative? If the answer is yes, this suggests that the rate should remain at its record low for a considerable period and provides a justification for continued increases in the Fed's balance sheet. If the answer is no, then the Fed may need to raise its interest rate target sooner rather than later.
Continue reading "Guest Contribution: Lessons from the 1970s for Fed Policy Today"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 06:31 PM permalink | Comments (26)
September 27, 2009
Federal Reserve reverse repurchases
Here I offer some thoughts on Bloomberg's account that the Fed has made inquiries with its dealers about the feasibility of a significant increase in the Fed's reverse repo operations.
Continue reading "Federal Reserve reverse repurchases"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:30 AM permalink | Comments (38)
September 25, 2009
Links for 2009-09-25
Tim Duy worries that some FOMC members are overestimating the inflation risk.
Arnold Kling proposes a mackerel theory of value.
The discussion at Cato of monetary policy continues.
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:26 AM permalink | Comments (11)
September 18, 2009
Regulating compensation in the banking sector
I see a good case for this, but also some big things to worry about.
Continue reading "Regulating compensation in the banking sector"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:08 AM permalink | Comments (35)
September 16, 2009
Scott Sumner on the Fed's mistakes
The Cato Institute is hosting a discussion this month of the extent to which monetary policy may have contributed to our current economic problems. In the lead essay that appeared on Monday, Professor Scott Sumner of Bentley University suggested that the Fed erred in allowing nominal GDP to grow as slowly as it did. My response appeared this morning. I agree that faster growth of nominal GDP would have been a good thing, but argue that, particularly if you start the clock in the fall of 2008, the Fed lacked the tools to prevent a decline in nominal GDP.
Continue reading "Scott Sumner on the Fed's mistakes"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:12 AM permalink | Comments (29)
August 23, 2009
The market-perceived monetary policy rule
Stanford Professor John Taylor has suggested that monetary policy could be summarized in terms of a simple rule, lowering interest rates when output is too low and raising them when inflation is too high. A number of academic papers have investigated this rule from the perspective of describing what the Federal Reserve has historically done. In a new paper co-authored with Federal Reserve economist Seth Pruitt and Office of Immigration Statistics economist Scott Borger, I take a look at what monetary policy rule the market perceived the Fed to be following over different historical periods.
Continue reading "The market-perceived monetary policy rule"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:47 AM permalink | Comments (29)
August 21, 2009
The Road Ahead for the Fed
Tom Keene has been doing a series for Bloomberg Radio this week on the new book, The Road Ahead for the Fed. You can listen to Tom's interviews with me or three of the other authors who contributed to the book by clicking on a link below.
Continue reading "The Road Ahead for the Fed"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:21 PM permalink | Comments (7)
August 18, 2009
Replay of 1930?
We know the glass is both half empty and half full. But the real question is whether liquid is being added in or draining out.
Continue reading "Replay of 1930?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:06 PM permalink | Comments (52)
August 11, 2009
Paying for design flaws
Updates on what this is going to cost you and me.
Continue reading "Paying for design flaws"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:27 PM permalink | Comments (19)
August 06, 2009
Pricing of interest rate risk in fed funds futures contracts
Do current fed funds futures prices signal a belief by market participants that the Fed may begin raising interest rates early next year? My latest research paper suggests not.
Continue reading "Pricing of interest rate risk in fed funds futures contracts"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:35 PM permalink | Comments (11)
July 23, 2009
Looking for an exit: Part 2
In my previous post I commented on Ben Bernanke's recent communication of the Fed's exit strategy for getting its balance sheet and daily operations back to historical norms. I suggested that one necessary ingredient to convince the public that we will see a return to a stable monetary regime would be a credible explanation of how the United States government will be able to meet its enormous current and implicit future fiscal obligations. Today I'd like to discuss a second element that I feel is missing from the exit strategy articulated by Bernanke, and this is a compelling vision of what a healthy financial market not propped up by the Treasury and the Fed would look like.
Continue reading "Looking for an exit: Part 2"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:37 PM permalink | Comments (23)
July 21, 2009
Looking for an exit
In addition to testifying before Congress, Federal Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke today tried to explain the Fed's plans and options directly to the public through an op-ed in the Wall Street Journal. Here I provide some background on what Bernanke's talking about in terms of an "exit strategy" for the Fed, and offer some thoughts on his remarks.
Continue reading "Looking for an exit"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:37 PM permalink | Comments (51)
July 17, 2009
Links for 2009-07-17
Some quick remarks about the evidence for economic recovery, central bank independence, and Goldman Sachs.
Continue reading "Links for 2009-07-17"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:33 PM permalink | Comments (12)
July 14, 2009
Concerns about the Fed's New Balance Sheet
That's the title of a chapter I contributed to a new book edited by John Ciorciari and John Taylor entitled The Road Ahead for the Fed. The book grew out of a conference held at Stanford University in March.
Continue reading "Concerns about the Fed's New Balance Sheet"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:08 PM permalink | Comments (24)
June 27, 2009
On grilling the Fed Chair
I got a bit angry at accounts of the latest appearance of Federal Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke before the U.S. Congress.
Continue reading "On grilling the Fed Chair"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:26 AM permalink | Comments (76)
June 02, 2009
More on bank lending data
Further evidence on the decline in bank lending.
Continue reading "More on bank lending data"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:01 PM permalink | Comments (11)
June 01, 2009
High Anxiety (about Interest and Inflation Rates)
In March 2001, I was tasked to follow developments in Japanese macro policy (including monetary, exchange rate, and banking recapitalization issues). Readers will be tempted to ask what this has to do with current events. Well, at the time, Japan was facing rapidly rising net debt-to-GDP ratios (rising from 60.4 ppts of GDP to 84.6 ppts from 2000 to 2005), and was embarking upon a policy of quantitative easing in an attempt to stave off a deep recession. And yet opponents of quantitative easing worried about hyper-inflation, even as y/y inflation at the time remained mired in the negative range. I didn't understand the fears at the time; and I still don't. Now flash forward eight years, and move across the Pacific.
Continue reading "High Anxiety (about Interest and Inflation Rates)"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:02 PM permalink | Comments (27)
May 27, 2009
More papers on the credit crunch
Links to some interesting papers that I recently read.
Continue reading "More papers on the credit crunch"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:01 AM permalink | Comments (11)
May 12, 2009
Tracking the recession
Here are links to perspectives from others on where the economy stands at the moment.
Continue reading "Tracking the recession"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:24 PM permalink | Comments (11)
May 10, 2009
Inflation and relative prices
There are persuasive reasons why we'd be better off today with an inflation rate higher than what we've seen over the last six months. But while a uniform expansion that raised all wages and prices by the same amount would be helpful, what the Fed could actually achieve in the present situation may be something less desirable.
Continue reading "Inflation and relative prices"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:01 AM permalink | Comments (40)
April 16, 2009
Macroeconomic Schisms
There has been a lot of breast-beating in the press and in the blogosphere about how economists failed to discern the possibility that not all was going well in the years leading up the current financial and economic crisis [1]. I think the notion that all economists were blithely optimistic has been dispelled (well, okay, here's a couple of exceptions: Dan Gross h/t Free Exchange, A. Kaletsky). At the risk of some gross simplifications, I will speculate that there was -- until recently -- less optimism among academic macroeconomists than Wall Street economists. There was probably less anxiety among say finance professors who focused on asset pricing (as opposed those who worked in banking) than macroeconomists (Dani Rodrik highlights the diversity). One divide that I think is not particularly relevant in locating the source of the crisis is the most well known one -- specifically whether prices are sticky.
In my opinion, the big divide in thinking relates to how economists conceive of financial markets working. This is a divide that cuts across other divides. For instance, the Hicksian decomposition (IS-LM), in its simplest incarnation, treats the financial world as one wherein bonds are identical, and the only means of borrowing; there is no separate channel for lending, say via bank loans, to influence aggregate demand (see this post for the many channels of monetary policy). In the real business cycle literature, and many New Keynesian DSGE models, there is a representative bond (and lending rate) which summarizes the asset markets (see Camilo Tovar's survey of DSGEs for a discussion).
Continue reading "Macroeconomic Schisms"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:00 AM permalink | Comments (21)
April 13, 2009
The Demise of the Dollar? Should We Worry about Quantitative Easing and Deficit Spending?
Over the weekend, I was working on my long delayed manuscript on exchange rate modeling [0], and pondering how useful the conventional econometric techniques were for making predictions about the future value of the dollar.
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 07:40 PM permalink | Comments (21)
April 06, 2009
The Yield Curve, across Countries, across Time
A year and half ago, I asked "Does it matter that yield curves (around the world) are sloping downward?" (October 12, 2007). I included this snapshot of term premia in the post:
Continue reading "The Yield Curve, across Countries, across Time"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 08:00 PM permalink | Comments (15)
April 02, 2009
Consequences of the Oil Shock of 2007-08
In a follow-up on my earlier post, I'd now like to discuss the second part of my paper, Causes and Consequences of the Oil Shock of 2007-08, which I presented today at a conference at the Brookings Institution. Here I'll review the role that the oil price shock may have played in causing the economic recession that began in 2007:Q4.
Continue reading "Consequences of the Oil Shock of 2007-08"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:27 PM permalink | Comments (81)
Causes of the Oil Shock of 2007-08
I will be presenting my latest research paper, Causes and Consequences of the Oil Shock of 2007-08, at a conference today at the Brookings Institution. Here I review some results from that paper about what caused oil prices to rise so spectacularly in 2007-08 only to decline even more dramatically afterward.
Continue reading "Causes of the Oil Shock of 2007-08"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:57 AM permalink | Comments (48)
March 29, 2009
The Fed's new balance sheet
My previous post reviewed the profound changes in the balance sheet of the U.S. Federal Reserve over the last 18 months. Here I comment on some of the concerns that the new Fed balance sheet raises for the conduct of monetary policy.
Continue reading "The Fed's new balance sheet"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:16 AM permalink | Comments (44)
March 27, 2009
Money creation and the Fed
A lot of people have seen this picture of the recent behavior of the monetary base and wondered what it means.
Continue reading "Money creation and the Fed"
Posted by James Hamilton at 03:47 PM permalink | Comments (55)
March 22, 2009
The first votes are in
The Federal Reserve can't be entirely pleased with markets' reaction to its announcement on Wednesday of quantitative goals for purchases of long-term assets.
Continue reading "The first votes are in"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:01 AM permalink | Comments (36)
March 19, 2009
Quantitative easing
The U.S. Federal Reserve yesterday finally took the step many of us had been urging for some time.
Continue reading "Quantitative easing"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:56 AM permalink | Comments (52)
March 10, 2009
Moral hazard and AIG
We are now suffering the consequences of one of the most spectacular financial miscalculations in history, after investors around the world discovered that trillions of dollars invested in securities derived from U.S. home mortgages were far riskier than they had originally believed.
Continue reading "Moral hazard and AIG"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:36 PM permalink | Comments (54)
March 03, 2009
How much is a trillion?
A trillion dollars used to be a sum that never naturally came up in normal conversation. Now all of a sudden, it's the standard unit we seem to be using to talk about our economic problems and what we're trying to do about them. Fortunately, I think I finally got a handle on what $1 trillion really means.
Continue reading "How much is a trillion?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:56 PM permalink | Comments (67)
February 24, 2009
The Bernanke rally
Tuesday's stock market rally was pretty impressive. But can the mere words of the Federal Reserve Chair actually produce a 4% increase in the value of the U.S. capital stock?
Continue reading "The Bernanke rally"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:20 PM permalink | Comments (29)
February 21, 2009
Deflation risk down but not out
While this week brought some pretty frightening numbers on industrial production and manufacturing surveys, I viewed Friday's CPI release from the Bureau of Labor Statistics as slightly encouraging.
Continue reading "Deflation risk down but not out"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:23 AM permalink | Comments (44)
February 17, 2009
Prospects for the U.S. banking system
Some thoughts on the extent of the problem and options for solution.
Continue reading "Prospects for the U.S. banking system"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:52 PM permalink | Comments (47)
February 10, 2009
The Treasury's Financial Stability Plan
Here's my two cents on the latest two trillion.
Continue reading "The Treasury's Financial Stability Plan"
Posted by James Hamilton at 04:22 PM permalink | Comments (35)
January 13, 2009
Bernanke on the Fed's balance sheet
In remarks in London today, Fed Chair Ben Bernanke let the world know how he views the risks and benefits of the recent dramatic changes in the assets and liabilities of the U.S. Federal Reserve.
Continue reading "Bernanke on the Fed's balance sheet"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:10 PM permalink | Comments (41)
January 11, 2009
Signs of a thaw
Yes, I saw the discouraging headlines. But I also see signs of hope in last week's economic news.
Continue reading "Signs of a thaw"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:06 AM permalink | Comments (29)
December 21, 2008
Federal Reserve balance sheet
Here I survey how we got here, where things currently stand, and what it all means.
Continue reading "Federal Reserve balance sheet"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:23 PM permalink | Comments (102)
December 16, 2008
Quantitative easing
Today's announcement from the Federal Reserve marks the end of the road for Plan A (fighting the recession by lowering interest rates), and the beginning of ... what?
Continue reading "Quantitative easing"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:40 PM permalink | Comments (41)
December 14, 2008
John Taylor on the Federal Reserve
Stanford economics professor John Taylor has a new paper in which he takes aim at recent economic policy, and fires with both barrels, concluding that "government actions and interventions caused, prolonged, and worsened the financial crisis."
Continue reading "John Taylor on the Federal Reserve"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:54 AM permalink | Comments (35)
December 01, 2008
Podcast on the Federal Reserve
I did a long interview today with Tom Keene of Bloomberg Radio on the current recession and Federal Reserve policy. You can listen to it by clicking here.
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:42 PM permalink | Comments (15)
November 27, 2008
The more the merrier
How many economic-advice-giving organizations does it take to run a White House?
Continue reading "The more the merrier"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:12 AM permalink | Comments (17)
November 24, 2008
Time for a change at the Fed
Plan A didn't work. Plan B didn't work. I suggest the Fed get going on Plan C.
Continue reading "Time for a change at the Fed"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:19 AM permalink | Comments (43)
November 16, 2008
The anomalous fed funds market
Some further thoughts on the bizarre behavior of the interest rate that used to be the core instrument of U.S. monetary policy.
Continue reading "The anomalous fed funds market"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:01 PM permalink | Comments (44)
November 10, 2008
Update on FDIC guarantee fees
On Saturday I noted that details of the FDIC guarantees of fed funds implemented on October 14 could introduce a substantial wedge between the fed funds target and the effective fed funds rate. Rebecca Wilder argues that this could not be affecting the current effective fed funds rate due to details of the "opt out" provision. Here I provide some further discussion of this point.
Continue reading "Update on FDIC guarantee fees"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:08 AM permalink | Comments (25)
November 08, 2008
The new, improved fed funds market
Yet another week of institutional changes that render all those nice macroeconomic texts and professors' lecture notes obsolete.
Continue reading "The new, improved fed funds market"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:18 AM permalink | Comments (28)
October 29, 2008
Deflation risk
There are plenty of things to worry about in the current economic situation. But deflation isn't one of them.
Continue reading "Deflation risk"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:26 AM permalink | Comments (137)
October 27, 2008
Further rate cuts needed
The Fed will probably vote for another 50-basis-point cut in the fed funds rate this week, bringing its target down to 1%. Here's why I think that would be a good idea.
Continue reading "Further rate cuts needed"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:03 AM permalink | Comments (27)
October 25, 2008
The Federal Reserve's balance sheet
On Thursday, the Federal Reserve issued its weekly H.4.1 report, which provides details of the Fed's balance sheet. Once upon a time, this was one of the least interesting of the government's many releases of data. These days, it's become one of the most exciting.
Continue reading "The Federal Reserve's balance sheet"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:19 AM permalink | Comments (65)
October 07, 2008
Balance sheet of the Federal Reserve
I was astonished when I heard that the Fed is contemplating increasing the Term Auction Facility to $900 billion. I wanted to take another look at the ever-changing balance sheet of the Fed to see how logistically Bernanke might be able to perform such a feat.
Continue reading "Balance sheet of the Federal Reserve"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:51 PM permalink | Comments (51)
September 28, 2008
Understanding the TED spread
One measure that is being used to summarize the strain in financial markets is the TED spread. This is calculated as the gap between 3-month LIBOR (an average of interest rates offered in the London interbank market for 3-month dollar-denominated loans) and the 3-month Treasury bill rate. The size of this gap presumably reflects some sort of risk or liquidity premium. I was interested to break the TED spread down into identifiable components to try to get a better understanding of what may be responsible for its recent behavior.
Continue reading "Understanding the TED spread"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:09 PM permalink | Comments (29)
Gross domestic income and recessions
The "final" values for 2008:Q2 GDP released by the Bureau of Economic Analysis on Friday were more disappointing than the earlier estimates. Still, the 2.8% annual growth rate for real GDP that we're now told characterized the second quarter doesn't sound like a recession. Or does it?
Continue reading "Gross domestic income and recessions"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:06 AM permalink | Comments (7)
September 22, 2008
Brad DeLong on Bernanke and Paulson
Brad DeLong had some insightful and amusing observations on the priorities of Federal Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke and Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson. I can't resist reproducing Brad's comments with some annotations of my own.
Continue reading "Brad DeLong on Bernanke and Paulson"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:51 AM permalink | Comments (24)
September 21, 2008
Paulson bailout
Let me begin with the point on which I am in complete agreement with Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson and Federal Reserve Chair Ben Bernanke-- it is hard to overstate just how scary this week's developments in financial markets could be.
Continue reading "Paulson bailout"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:17 PM permalink | Comments (68)
September 09, 2008
Taylor Rules, Synchronized Recession and the Potential for Competitive Depreciation
In yesterday's FT, "All in this together" assessed the possibility of a roughly synchronized downturn in the world's major economies, with the United States, ironically enough, suffering the smallest hit. This brings up all sorts of interesting questions regarding exchange rates, if one believes that Taylor rules define monetary policy making to some degree, and that interest differentials affect exchange rates.
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 10:12 PM permalink | Comments (37)
August 19, 2008
Economic consequences of falling oil prices
I've maintained that rising oil prices put a significant burden on the U.S. economy in recent months. How much will falling oil prices help to alleviate those concerns?
Continue reading "Economic consequences of falling oil prices"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:58 AM permalink | Comments (12)
August 12, 2008
Macroblog returns
It's back!
Continue reading "Macroblog returns"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:45 PM permalink | Comments (2)
July 28, 2008
Taylor rules, exchange rates, and the speculation about the dollar/euro rate
As Europe teeters on the edge of recession [0], and the United States remains mired in slow growth, expectations of what interest rates, and hence exchange rates, are shifting. Here's a familiar depiction of where policy rates in the US and the euro area have been, and where they are predicted to go.
Continue reading "Taylor rules, exchange rates, and the speculation about the dollar/euro rate"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 06:17 AM permalink | Comments (11)
July 15, 2008
Did Fannie and Freddie cause the mortgage crisis?
Some thoughts about the role played by the GSEs in the run-up in mortgage debt and house prices.
Continue reading "Did Fannie and Freddie cause the mortgage crisis?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:04 PM permalink | Comments (26)
July 13, 2008
The Fannie and Freddie assistance plan
I see much to like about this.
Continue reading "The Fannie and Freddie assistance plan"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:53 PM permalink | Comments (17)
July 12, 2008
Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac
How did we get into this mess, and how do we get out of it?
Continue reading "Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:08 PM permalink | Comments (28)
July 07, 2008
Janet Yellen on risks and prospects for the U.S. economy
This morning we were pleased to welcome Janet Yellen, President of the Federal Reserve Bank of San Francisco, to our UCSD Economics Roundtable. She focused on three main challenges: the housing slump, financial market turmoil, and commodity prices, which she likened to the three witches from Macbeth. Her complete speech is available from the FRB SFO Here are some excerpts.
Continue reading "Janet Yellen on risks and prospects for the U.S. economy"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:19 AM permalink | Comments (12)
June 08, 2008
Oil spike
Why did oil breach $138?
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:33 AM permalink | Comments (27)
June 06, 2008
Oil Prices in Other Currencies
Some of the explanations for the dollar jump rely upon the perceived weakness in the dollar's value (and hence, by extension, Fed policy). Does this make sense?
Continue reading "Oil Prices in Other Currencies"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 08:38 PM permalink | Comments (9)
May 30, 2008
Commodity futures speculation
More on the possible contribution of index fund investment to recent commodity price moves.
Continue reading "Commodity futures speculation"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:59 AM permalink | Comments (6)
May 25, 2008
How Effective Will Monetary Easing Be? The Bank Lending Channel and the Implications of Increasingly Internationalized Banks
As I noted in a previous post, monetary policy works through various channels, one of which is the "bank lending channel". Lower policy rates, as witnessed in the past few months and shown below, should induce greater lending.
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 10:00 AM permalink | Comments (5)
May 13, 2008
Credit crunch: how we got here and how to get out
Fed Chair Ben Bernanke on Tuesday offered his perspective on the appropriate response of the Fed to the ongoing turmoil in financial markets. I still think he's overlooking a key element of what's been happening.
Continue reading "Credit crunch: how we got here and how to get out"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:16 PM permalink | Comments (19)
May 09, 2008
What if we'd been on the gold standard?
If the U.S. had decided to go back on the gold standard in 2006, where would we be today? That's a question my friend Randy Parker recently asked me. Here's how we both would answer.
Continue reading "What if we'd been on the gold standard?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:59 AM permalink | Comments (71)
May 03, 2008
Macroeconomics and ARCH
That's the topic of my most recent research paper. Reader warning: this is a bit more technical than the standard Econbrowser post, so if you're not a user of regression analysis, this may not be up your alley.
Continue reading "Macroeconomics and ARCH"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:37 AM permalink | Comments (11)
April 24, 2008
The case for 2-1/4
The Federal Open Market Committee's next meeting is scheduled for April 29/30, which the May fed funds futures contract currently anticipates will result in another 25-basis-point reduction in the target fed funds rate down to 2.0%. Here's why I hope the Fed doesn't do that.
Continue reading "The case for 2-1/4"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:59 PM permalink | Comments (34)
April 22, 2008
Commodities and the Fed: answering the skeptics
Judging from some of the reactions across the blogosphere (not to mention any number of our own dear readers), maybe I should take another stab at clarifying why I see the hand of the Federal Reserve in the most recent movements in oil and commodity prices.
Continue reading "Commodities and the Fed: answering the skeptics"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:03 PM permalink | Comments (29)
April 17, 2008
Why new oil price highs?
West Texas Intermediate closed today above $115/barrel. Does that reflect changes in the fundamentals of world supply and demand? My answer is no.
Continue reading "Why new oil price highs?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:45 PM permalink | Comments (74)
April 14, 2008
The G-7 Communique and the Dollar
Was this the new (reverse) "Plaza Accord"? From Bloomberg:
Continue reading "The G-7 Communique and the Dollar"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:30 PM permalink | Comments (20)
April 13, 2008
Central bank independence
Former Secretary of Labor Robert Reich (hat tip: Economist's View) offered some thoughts Friday about democracy and the Federal Reserve. Both his insights and his errors are instructive.
Continue reading "Central bank independence"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:32 PM permalink | Comments (38)
April 09, 2008
Oil and the Great Moderation
Another interesting paper presented at the Society for Nonlinear Dynamics and Econometrics Symposium that I attended last week was by Anton Nakov of the Bank of Spain and Andrea Pescatori of the Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland on the role that changes in energy markets may have played in the reduction in GDP and inflation volatility observed since 1984.
Continue reading "Oil and the Great Moderation"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:04 AM permalink | Comments (11)
March 26, 2008
Would you like anything else with that coffee, Ben?
Last week we received some new data linking commodity prices to the decisions of the U.S. Federal Reserve.
Continue reading "Would you like anything else with that coffee, Ben?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:13 AM permalink | Comments (33)
March 23, 2008
Quick links
Here are a couple of nice summaries of the credit crunch and the Fed's response.
Continue reading "Quick links"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:01 PM permalink | Comments (3)
March 19, 2008
Another 75
How much ammo is left in that fed funds gun?
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:00 AM permalink | Comments (21)
March 18, 2008
Not a bailout
How shall we describe what happened this weekend with Bear Stearns? The first big casualty of the credit crisis, yes. Bailout, no.
Continue reading "Not a bailout"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:26 PM permalink | Comments (38)
March 15, 2008
TSLF
Last week the Fed announced yet another new measure to deal with the ongoing problems in credit markets in the form of a just-created Term Securities Lending Facility, which we're apparently invited to refer to affectionately as a TSLF.
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:21 PM permalink | Comments (26)
March 11, 2008
Asking too much of monetary policy
I remember a Federal Reserve economist once recounting a conversation with his young daughter, who asked him, "What do you do at work, Daddy?" He answered, "I help make important decisions." "What kind of decisions, Daddy?" "Oh, things like how much money the government needs to print."
Continue reading "Asking too much of monetary policy"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:47 PM permalink | Comments (40)
March 07, 2008
Commodity prices and the Fed
If the Fed thinks that recent commodity price moves have nothing to do with their own actions, perhaps they should think again.
Continue reading "Commodity prices and the Fed"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:10 AM permalink | Comments (22)
March 02, 2008
Just how badly is the U.S. economy doing?
That's the topic of a piece I wrote for today's San Diego Union-Tribune.
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:45 AM permalink | Comments (16)
February 28, 2008
Bernanke's tightrope act
Some analysts are saying that Fed Chair Ben Bernanke is walking a tightrope-- if he does not drop interest rates quickly enough, the U.S. will be in recession, but if he goes too far, we'll see a resurgence of inflation. I am increasingly persuaded that's not an accurate description of the situation.
Continue reading "Bernanke's tightrope act"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:27 PM permalink | Comments (42)
January 31, 2008
Thinking about Monetary Policy Efficacy: Back to the Textbooks
As the Fed drops interest rates, I've been trying to sort out all the channels that monetary policy will affect output, and which ones are likely to be short circuited this time around.
Continue reading "Thinking about Monetary Policy Efficacy: Back to the Textbooks"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 11:18 AM permalink | Comments (15)
January 30, 2008
Fed rate cut
Today the Federal Reserve announced a further 50-basis-point cut in its target for the fed funds interest rate, bringing it down to 3.0% for a total reduction in January of 125 basis points. How long should it take before this has an effect on the economy?
Continue reading "Fed rate cut"
Posted by James Hamilton at 03:25 PM permalink | Comments (11)
January 22, 2008
Another day, another dollar
It was a fun day to be a macroeconomist, don't you think?
Continue reading "Another day, another dollar"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:52 PM permalink | Comments (13)
The Fed makes its move
The Federal Reserve announced today it was lowering its target for the fed funds rate 75 basis points, from its previous value of 4.25% to a new value of 3.5%.
Continue reading "The Fed makes its move"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:57 AM permalink | Comments (42)
January 17, 2008
The case against fiscal stimulus
Everybody else seemed to hear Bernanke say he was in favor of fiscal stimulus as one approach to our economic problems. But I instead heard him articulate very intelligently the potential pitfalls of the strategy.
Continue reading "The case against fiscal stimulus"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:06 PM permalink | Comments (28)
January 16, 2008
Will inflation fears restrain the Fed?
I think not, and here's why.
Continue reading "Will inflation fears restrain the Fed?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:31 PM permalink | Comments (24)
January 14, 2008
The Implications of a Textbook Analysis of Macro Stabilization via Discretionary Fiscal Policy
From Reuters:
If Bush and Congress are to act at all, they will have to move quickly to have any impact, says Alan Auerbach, an economics professor at the University of California, Berkeley, who has done research on the effects of fiscal stimulus.
"Timing is extremely important," he says. "Recessions typically last less than a year, so unless you can be pretty quick, it's not worth doing."
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:35 PM permalink | Comments (7)
January 13, 2008
How low will Ben go?
Was 25, now we have 50. Do I hear 75?
Continue reading "How low will Ben go?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:13 AM permalink | Comments (33)
January 09, 2008
What Are the Prospects for a Two Recession Bush Presidency?
With recession calls becoming more frequent ([1], [2], [3], [4], [5]) it might pay to revisit the indicators that the NBER looks at in determining the turning points in recessions (The fact that NBER put up some new recession-dating-FAQs just a couple days ago might be a leading indicator of sorts).
Continue reading "What Are the Prospects for a Two Recession Bush Presidency?"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 10:24 PM permalink | Comments (28)
January 04, 2008
Economic indicators take a turn for the worse
No cheer for the New Year from the numbers released this week.
Continue reading "Economic indicators take a turn for the worse"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:51 PM permalink | Comments (15)
December 16, 2007
Monetary policy using the asset side of the Fed's balance sheet
An interesting trend has developed in the Federal Reserve's asset holdings, a trend that the newly created term auction facility is designed to accelerate.
Continue reading "Monetary policy using the asset side of the Fed's balance sheet"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:08 PM permalink | Comments (15)
December 12, 2007
Term auction facility
Will a new, improved discount window solve our problems?
Continue reading "Term auction facility"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:05 PM permalink | Comments (18)
A curious market reaction
I'm trying to make sense of the strong reactions to yesterday's action from the Federal Reserve.
Continue reading "A curious market reaction"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:33 AM permalink | Comments (19)
December 01, 2007
Risk premia creeping higher
Since Halloween, financial markets seem to be getting spooked again.
Continue reading "Risk premia creeping higher"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:11 AM permalink | Comments (11)
November 21, 2007
Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae back in the news
So how worried should you be?
Continue reading "Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae back in the news"
Posted by James Hamilton at 03:55 PM permalink | Comments (20)
November 20, 2007
So now you know
As part of its ongoing efforts at helping the public understand exactly what its intentions might be, the Federal Reserve today released more detailed minutes of its October 30-31 meeting that included the Fed's expectations for what comes next.
Continue reading "So now you know"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:50 PM permalink | Comments (14)
November 13, 2007
New research on the causes of the housing boom and bust
What are the respective contributions of national and local factors to recent changes in house prices?
Continue reading "New research on the causes of the housing boom and bust"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:00 PM permalink | Comments (31)
November 11, 2007
Oil, gold, the dollar, and inflation
Do the ongoing surge in gold and oil prices and slide in the dollar signal a resurgence of inflation?
Continue reading "Oil, gold, the dollar, and inflation"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:29 AM permalink | Comments (46)
October 31, 2007
Does Dollar Weakness 'Cause' High Oil Prices?
There's an idea floating around that asserts that the high price of oil is -- at least in part -- due to the weak dollar. Does this make sense?
Continue reading "Does Dollar Weakness 'Cause' High Oil Prices?"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:50 AM permalink | Comments (17)
October 19, 2007
Rules versus discretion in monetary policy
I had the privilege of attending a conference in St. Louis this week on Monetary Policy under Uncertainty at which I presented a paper on the response of interest rates to changes in the fed funds target. One of the interesting themes that came up in some of the other papers concerned whether the public's interests are best served when monetary policy follows mechanical rules as opposed to responding to events in a discretionary way. Here I report on some of the discussion of this issue from the conference.
Continue reading "Rules versus discretion in monetary policy"
Posted by James Hamilton at 03:07 PM permalink | Comments (8)
October 17, 2007
Deteriorating lending standards
What is the significance of the fact that the most recently issued subprime mortgages are the ones that are running into the biggest problems?
Continue reading "Deteriorating lending standards"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:39 AM permalink | Comments (25)
October 11, 2007
Inferring market expectations from changes in fed funds futures prices
I recently completed a new research paper studying how interest rates of different maturities change with market expectations of what the Fed is going to do next.
Continue reading "Inferring market expectations from changes in fed funds futures prices"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:13 PM permalink | Comments (6)
October 08, 2007
What's a "Strong Dollar"?
I used to wonder about the use of this term a lot, at least in the context of government pronouncements. Here's my answer. First, the use of the term in context. From Bloomberg:
Weak Dollar Boosts Growth Without Fueling Inflation (Update1)
By Matthew Benjamin and Vivien Lou Chen
Oct. 8 (Bloomberg) -- Treasury Secretary Henry Paulson, whose signature appears on every new dollar bill, may find the weak currency with his name on it helps the U.S. economy more than the strong one he publicly endorses.
Continue reading "What's a "Strong Dollar"?"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 07:03 PM permalink | Comments (15)
October 03, 2007
Not all the news is bad
We've been dwelling here quite a bit on the bleak incoming housing data. But I have to admit that I'm not seeing that spilling over so far into some of the other key economic indicators.
Continue reading "Not all the news is bad"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:32 AM permalink | Comments (21)
October 01, 2007
Pick a finger
Princeton Professor Alan Blinder offers his thoughts in the New York Times on who's to blame for the mortgage mess, getting the attention of Mark Thoma, Dave Iverson, Brad DeLong, and Greg Mankiw. Here are my two cents.
Continue reading "Pick a finger"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:00 PM permalink | Comments (25)
September 25, 2007
More troubles for housing
New data released today portend continued weakness for housing.
Continue reading "More troubles for housing"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:23 PM permalink | Comments (12)
September 24, 2007
What would be the implications of stagflation for the dollar?
The dollar is declining, with no apparent support. That's because the recessionary factors seem to be dominating. But a reporter's question about what factors might support the dollar prompted me to think about other influences that might work in a direction opposite the forces alluded to in the conventional wisdom.
Continue reading "What would be the implications of stagflation for the dollar?"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:41 PM permalink | Comments (29)
September 23, 2007
Money creation and the Federal Reserve
There seem to be some misconceptions about the monetary consequences of actions that the Federal Reserve has taken to address liquidity needs.
Continue reading "Money creation and the Federal Reserve"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:25 AM permalink | Comments (58)
September 20, 2007
Forward rates and inflation expectations
Forward rates on Treasury bonds tell an interesting story about the market's reaction to the Fed's interest rate cut on Tuesday.
Continue reading "Forward rates and inflation expectations"
Posted by James Hamilton at 04:21 PM permalink | Comments (17)
September 19, 2007
Divining the Dollar
The dollar declines in response to the drop in the target Fed Funds rate. What next?
Continue reading "Divining the Dollar"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:30 PM permalink | Comments (20)
September 18, 2007
50 it is
For the first time in 5 years, markets were actually unsure what the Fed was going to do, with yesterday's fed funds options calling it an even chance that the Fed would settle for a 25-basis-point cut or go all the way to 50. Capital Chronicle had prepared amusing posters as to just how to interpret a 25-basis-point as opposed to a 50-basis-point cut. Fifty it was, disappointing perhaps knzn who wanted a 175-basis-point cut, but delighting economic researchers like Refet Gurkaynak and Eric Swanson who both emailed me their high spirits at finally getting another data point for what happens when the Fed surprises the markets.
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:36 PM permalink | Comments (35)
Four Observations on Import and Export Prices and the Dollar
Some delayed reflections on exchange rates, trade prices, and the messages from the August data.
Continue reading "Four Observations on Import and Export Prices and the Dollar"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 12:13 AM permalink | Comments (8)
September 15, 2007
Catch the wave
I keep trying to warn my friends in the Federal Reserve about the tsunami that's coming their way.
Continue reading "Catch the wave"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:27 AM permalink | Comments (37)
September 13, 2007
Saving Glut Redux
Bernanke recaps his interpretation of the explanation for global imbalances. Is it any more convincing than the first time?
Continue reading "Saving Glut Redux"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 08:10 AM permalink | Comments (20)
September 10, 2007
By how much will the Fed cut rates?
Once again we're seeing a big divergence between what the markets expect the Fed to do and what the Fed expects the Fed to do.
Continue reading "By how much will the Fed cut rates?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:23 AM permalink | Comments (25)
September 02, 2007
The Taylor Rule and the housing boom
Stanford Professor John Taylor presented another very interesting paper at the Jackson Fed conference.
Continue reading "The Taylor Rule and the housing boom"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:09 PM permalink | Comments (18)
September 01, 2007
Comments on Housing and the Monetary Transmission Mechanism
Here are the comments that I delivered this morning at the Fed Jackson Hole conference.
Continue reading "Comments on Housing and the Monetary Transmission Mechanism"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:30 PM permalink | Comments (39)
Bernanke and Gramlich on the subprime issue
Also featured yesterday at the Federal Reserve conference in Jackson Hole were speeches by Fed Chair Ben Bernanke and former Fed Governor Edward Gramlich.
Continue reading "Bernanke and Gramlich on the subprime issue"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:44 AM permalink | Comments (12)
August 31, 2007
Report from Jackson Hole
Here are some brief impressions about this morning's papers at the Federal Reserve conference.
Continue reading "Report from Jackson Hole"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:54 AM permalink | Comments (12)
August 29, 2007
Update on the fed funds market
As noted by Calculated Risk and William Polley, the last few days we've seen the return of slightly more normal behavior in the overnight market for fed funds.
Continue reading "Update on the fed funds market"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:19 PM permalink | Comments (25)
August 28, 2007
Solutions to the mortgage problem
Quick links to a few of the suggestions out there on what to do about pending mortgage defaults.
Continue reading "Solutions to the mortgage problem"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:08 AM permalink | Comments (48)
August 24, 2007
Latest economic indicators
New home sales picked up in July, and new orders for durable and capital goods grew strongly. But that was then and this is now.
Continue reading "Latest economic indicators"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:14 AM permalink | Comments (13)
August 22, 2007
Whee!
Who knew holding short-term Treasuries could be so exciting?
Posted by James Hamilton at 04:22 PM permalink | Comments (9)
August 20, 2007
What does the cut in the Fed's discount rate signal?
Some analysts, and perhaps the market, seemed to view Friday's cut in the Federal Reserve discount rate as a first step in lowering interest rates generally. That view may prove to be correct, though I'm inclined to look first for an explanation in terms of the narrow tactical challenges of managing current liquidity needs.
Continue reading "What does the cut in the Fed's discount rate signal?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 04:15 PM permalink | Comments (18)
August 19, 2007
Saving Glut Reversed? A Historical Analogy and Conjecture about US Adjustment
One interpretation of recent global capital flows is that the collapse in investment in East Asia post-crisis, combined with stable saving rates in ex-China developing Asia, led to an excess of saving in that region (so really the term of "investment drought" is better). Note that there was no excess saving until the collapse of unsustainable lending associated with bubbles, or crony capitalism, or -- in other models -- behavior of investors implicitly "insured" against losses. While this is a voluminous literature, it's interesting to me that few analysts have observed that a similar occurence can not be ruled out in the current unfolding drama in the ever expanding but always containable subprime mortgage crisis.
Continue reading "Saving Glut Reversed? A Historical Analogy and Conjecture about US Adjustment"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 05:30 PM permalink | Comments (10)
August 11, 2007
Another roller coaster week
Glad I wasn't trying to provide a play-by-play explanation of fed funds futures last week. But whatever was going on, we seemed to end up with the same conclusion with which the week began.
Continue reading "Another roller coaster week"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:00 PM permalink | Comments (6)
August 10, 2007
What is a liquidity event?
It was an exciting week in financial markets, including some dramatic central bank interventions in short-term money markets.
Continue reading "What is a liquidity event?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:14 PM permalink | Comments (22)
August 04, 2007
Interpreting fed funds futures
Despite what you may have read elsewhere, the probability of a fed funds rate cut has increased significantly over the last few weeks.
Continue reading "Interpreting fed funds futures"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:58 PM permalink | Comments (31)
August 01, 2007
July auto sales
This is not just another bad sales month.
Continue reading "July auto sales"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:19 PM permalink | Comments (21)
July 26, 2007
Ouch
No, this was not a good housing report.
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:17 PM permalink | Comments (15)
July 19, 2007
Bernanke on the economic outlook
In testimony before the U.S. Congress yesterday, Fed Chair Ben Bernanke continued his policy of greater openness and transparency for Federal Reserve policy, trying to lay out clearly what the Fed is most worried about.
Continue reading "Bernanke on the economic outlook"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:19 AM permalink | Comments (11)
July 12, 2007
A Tipping Point for the Dollar?
In a post over a year ago, I observed that the relative stability of the dollar would come to an end as a confluence of events occurred. Those would be the end to rises in the US interest rates, and the continued increases in policy rates abroad, especially in the euro area and the UK, against a backdrop of a massive current account deficit that requires large and continuous infusions of saving from the rest of the world (and indeed consumes most of the world's excess saving).
Continue reading "A Tipping Point for the Dollar?"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 07:10 PM permalink | Comments (20)
Are your inflation expectations well-anchored?
Fed Chair Ben Bernanke's comments Tuesday about anchors for expected inflation left some analysts unsettled and others mystified. Bernanke was speaking to a group of academic researchers, and I believe his message was intended to provide some insights from practical policy-making to help improve the quality of academic research. So let me offer my interpretation of his message.
Continue reading "Are your inflation expectations well-anchored?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:40 AM permalink | Comments (13)
June 25, 2007
Inflation: Local or Global?
What does the empirical literature say about the sources of inflation movements in an era of globalization?
Continue reading "Inflation: Local or Global?"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 08:05 PM permalink | Comments (5)
June 24, 2007
Following yields up and down
A quick follow-up on a point I made last week ([1], [2]) about the factors behind recent interest rate moves.
Continue reading "Following yields up and down"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:46 AM permalink | Comments (16)
June 22, 2007
Econoblog on interest rates
I was pleased to participate in the latest Wall Street Journal Econoblog with Mark Zandi, Chief Economist and co-founder of Moody's Economy.com. Here's a brief preview of what you can find over at the WSJ.
Continue reading "Econoblog on interest rates"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:31 AM permalink | Comments (4)
June 20, 2007
Thinking about import prices, the dollar, and inflation
Some delayed reflections on the May import/export price release, and how to interpret the data in light of the empirics of exchange rate pass through.
Continue reading "Thinking about import prices, the dollar, and inflation"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:08 PM permalink | Comments (2)
June 17, 2007
More on those rising interest rates
Rising rates look scary, but I still read it as good news.
Continue reading "More on those rising interest rates"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:08 AM permalink | Comments (16)
June 14, 2007
Lessons from the yield curve
The dramatic upward move of long-term interest rates gives me an opportunity to look back on some of the predictions made on the basis of the inversion of the yield curve, and what might be in store next.
Continue reading "Lessons from the yield curve"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:14 PM permalink | Comments (11)
May 19, 2007
Bernanke on subprime mortgages
If Bernanke isn't worried about subprime mortgages, should you be?
Continue reading "Bernanke on subprime mortgages"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:35 AM permalink | Comments (29)
March 28, 2007
About that downside
As always, first-rate economic analysis from Fed Chair Ben Bernanke today, and first-rate coverage from Mark Thoma and Kash Mansori, among others.
Continue reading "About that downside"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:05 PM permalink | Comments (42)
March 17, 2007
Disappointing numbers on inflation and retail sales
Macroblog and Calculated Risk had some discouraging graphs yesterday.
Continue reading "Disappointing numbers on inflation and retail sales"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:22 AM permalink | Comments (18)
March 11, 2007
Fannie, Freddie, and Ben
Fed Chair Ben Bernanke had some excellent suggestions last week for congressional action on Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac.
Continue reading "Fannie, Freddie, and Ben"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:41 PM permalink | Comments (26)
March 08, 2007
WMDs in Iraq, "Last throes..." and... "deficits don't matter"
According to former Secretary of Treasury Paul O'Neill, Dick Cheney is reputed to have said: "...deficits don't matter." (see Suskind's The Price of Loyalty, and online here). What's the (updated) evidence?
Continue reading "WMDs in Iraq, "Last throes..." and... "deficits don't matter""
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 07:12 AM permalink | Comments (17)
WMDs in Iraq, "Last throes..." and... "deficits don't matter"
According to former Secretary of Treasury Paul O'Neill, Dick Cheney is reputed to have said: "...deficits don't matter." (see Suskind's The Price of Loyalty, and online here). What's the (updated) evidence?
Continue reading "WMDs in Iraq, "Last throes..." and... "deficits don't matter""
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 07:12 AM permalink | Comments (17)
March 06, 2007
Financial crises
Financial or banking panics were a recurrent theme in 19th-century U.S. economic history.
Continue reading "Financial crises"
Posted by James Hamilton at 03:11 PM permalink | Comments (15)
March 05, 2007
Globalization and Inflation: Thinking about Identification
Recent news articles ([1], [2]) and blog posts (Economists View, Big Picture) have discussed Bernanke's March 2 speech on globalization and inflation.
Continue reading "Globalization and Inflation: Thinking about Identification"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 09:25 AM permalink | Comments (6)
February 28, 2007
Recession watch
Recent data leave me significantly more bearish than I was a month ago.
Continue reading "Recession watch"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:31 AM permalink | Comments (20)
February 15, 2007
The market reads Bernanke's lips
The Fed Chair speaks, and the market jumps. But why?
Continue reading "The market reads Bernanke's lips"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:01 AM permalink | Comments (17)
February 11, 2007
How Paul Volcker became a practical monetarist
A bit of history I only recently learned.
Continue reading "How Paul Volcker became a practical monetarist"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:04 AM permalink | Comments (10)
January 27, 2007
The housing market and the Federal Reserve
More evidence that the housing market has stabilized, consistent with the recent policy stance of the Federal Reserve.
Continue reading "The housing market and the Federal Reserve"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:35 AM permalink | Comments (20)
January 23, 2007
What would Milton do?
What with next Monday apparently having been declared Milton Friedman Day, I thought I might try to contribute to the festivities with some thoughts on how recent U.S. monetary policy might be evaluated from a Friedmanesque perspective.
Continue reading "What would Milton do?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:40 PM permalink | Comments (28)
January 19, 2007
Bernanke on the deficit
In testimony before the Senate Budget Committee yesterday, Fed Chair Ben Bernanke once again tells it like it is.
Continue reading "Bernanke on the deficit"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:25 AM permalink | Comments (20)
January 01, 2007
What will the Fed do next?
Probably nothing.
Continue reading "What will the Fed do next?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:44 AM permalink | Comments (3)
December 29, 2006
WIN buttons and Arthur Burns
I normally find myself agreeing with Dave Altig's high-quality analysis over at Macroblog. But I'm afraid I have to leave Dave all alone in his latest quixotic mission to defend Arthur Burns (Chair of the Federal Reserve during the great inflationary episode from 1970 to 1978) and Gerald Ford's old WIN buttons.
Continue reading "WIN buttons and Arthur Burns"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:58 AM permalink | Comments (8)
December 15, 2006
Bernanke in China
Distortion versus effective subsidy.
Continue reading "Bernanke in China"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 12:24 PM permalink | Comments (17)
December 11, 2006
2006 and the Econbrowser crystal ball
This seems like a good time to review some of the occasions over the last year when I've been brave (or foolish) enough to make a specific quantitative prediction.
Continue reading "2006 and the Econbrowser crystal ball"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:12 PM permalink | Comments (11)
November 26, 2006
Housing: speculative bubble or fundamentals?
Caclulated Risk had some interesting observations this week about why forecasts for housing differ so widely across analysts.
Continue reading "Housing: speculative bubble or fundamentals?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:26 AM permalink | Comments (22)
November 13, 2006
The yield curve and the term premium
Some new studies suggest that the yield curve inversion might not be quite as ominous as some of us have been assuming.
Continue reading "The yield curve and the term premium"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:22 PM permalink | Comments (17)
November 02, 2006
Federal Reserve policy and mortgage rates
I've recently completed writing a research paper titled Daily Monetary Policy Shocks and the Delayed Response of New Home Sales. The paper develops some new measures of the delay between changes in Fed policy and the impact on the economy. In this, the second of three posts on the paper, I describe the paper's findings about how the Federal Reserve affects mortgage lending rates.
Continue reading "Federal Reserve policy and mortgage rates"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:53 PM permalink | Comments (3)
October 31, 2006
Accuracy of futures prices as predictors of the fed funds rate
I'm just finishing writing a new research paper whose goal is to come up with a better measure and understanding of the lagged effect of monetary policy on the economy. One of my claims is that the public's expectations of what the Fed is going to do next play a key role in that process. In this, the first of several posts based on that paper, I describe some of the properties I've found for fed funds futures prices as predictors of subsequent Fed policy changes.
Continue reading "Accuracy of futures prices as predictors of the fed funds rate"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:10 PM permalink | Comments (13)
October 19, 2006
One way or the other
Mixed signals this week leave Bernanke still needing to earn his pay.
Continue reading "One way or the other"
Posted by James Hamilton at 03:10 PM permalink | Comments (12)
October 13, 2006
Friday the thirteenth not so scary
The latest data on retail sales, tax receipts, and consumer sentiment all look consistent with the soft landing scenario.
Continue reading "Friday the thirteenth not so scary"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:49 AM permalink | Comments (21)
October 03, 2006
And they all lived happily ever after
Can high-flying stocks be reconciled with an inverted yield curve? David Rosenberg of Merrill Lynch, via Felix Salmon and Business Week thinks "it is highly doubtful that both asset classes can be getting the story right." But here's one scenario under which both markets in fact might be telling the same story.
Continue reading "And they all lived happily ever after"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:28 PM permalink | Comments (30)
September 20, 2006
Watching housing slide
The Census Bureau yesterday released August data for housing permits and new housing starts, both of which confirm that we are in the midst of a significant housing downturn.
Continue reading "Watching housing slide"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:06 AM permalink | Comments (29)
August 30, 2006
Inflation expectations
So where's the surge in inflation expectations, now that the Fed has stopped tightening?
Continue reading "Inflation expectations"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:11 AM permalink | Comments (22)
August 11, 2006
Good and not-so-good reasons to disagree with Bernanke
Some of the reasons people have given for why the Fed should keep raising interest rates make sense to me, and some don't.
Continue reading "Good and not-so-good reasons to disagree with Bernanke"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:04 PM permalink | Comments (13)
August 09, 2006
Could it be that we're already in a recession? Lessons from the last episode
There's a lot of talk about recession these days, despite the fairly rapid average growth of GDP in the past few quarters. Krugman (via DeLong) observes a slowdown is coming that might feel a lot like a recession. DeLong considers whether Fed policy has already raised rates to such a degree a recession is inevitable. Roubini bravely cites probabilities. My colleague James Hamilton provides a contrasting opinion, based upon his academic work with Chauvet [pdf].
Continue reading "Could it be that we're already in a recession? Lessons from the last episode"
Posted by Menzie Chinn at 07:42 AM permalink | Comments (16)
August 08, 2006
Econbrowser (and hopefully Bernanke) gets it right
As we predicted here last Friday the Federal Reserve announced today its decision to hold the fed funds rate constant at 5.25%.
Continue reading "Econbrowser (and hopefully Bernanke) gets it right"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:36 PM permalink | Comments (11)
August 04, 2006
A pause it shall be
The last month has been something of a cliffhanger for Fed watchers. But today the market seemed to make up its mind.
Continue reading "A pause it shall be"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:41 AM permalink | Comments (15)
July 31, 2006
About that pause
A few weeks ago I noted that the fed funds futures contracts seemed to reflect an expectation that we'd see one more rate hike this fall, and that would be it. But a lot can change in two weeks. Now the message looks more like, "that's it!"
Continue reading "About that pause"
Posted by James Hamilton at 03:07 PM permalink | Comments (13)
July 24, 2006
Reading the yield curve
What are the implications of the current shape of the yield curve?
Continue reading "Reading the yield curve"
Posted by James Hamilton at 04:38 PM permalink | Comments (28)
July 19, 2006
Bernanke's latest testimony
A more optimistic assessment from the Fed chair than I had been expecting.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 09:45 AM permalink | Comments (13)
July 14, 2006
Are we there yet?
Almost, but not quite, sayeth the fed funds futures.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 07:09 AM permalink | Comments (0)
July 02, 2006
The Fed speaks and markets listen
Tim Iacono at The Mess That Greenspan Made had some interesting graphs this week.
Continue reading "The Fed speaks and markets listen"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:18 PM permalink | Comments (21)
June 30, 2006
All eyes on housing
Mark Thoma notes that the most recent FOMC statement has changed from declaring growth is "likely to moderate" to "Recent indicators suggest that economic growth is moderating". The first stages of the long-anticipated cooling of the housing market certainly appear to be here now.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 04:56 PM permalink | Comments (9)
June 18, 2006
Inflation and the Fed
Certainly the recent inflation data have been-- Dave Altig says insert something negative here, so I'll just say "unwelcome". But when Fed Chair Ben Bernanke declared that's exactly the way he sees it, too, markets stood up and took notice. Let's review some of the dramatic market adjustments that have occurred since Bernanke's June 5 remarks.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 09:11 PM permalink | Comments (17)
June 10, 2006
Hawk or dove?
The pundits continue to be frustrated in their efforts to pigeonhole the Federal Reserve Chair.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 06:58 PM permalink | Comments (18)
June 06, 2006
Bernanke tells it like it is
Once again I recommend the most recent statement of our Federal Reserve Chair as some of the finest economic analysis you will find anywhere.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 05:44 AM permalink | Comments (25)
May 30, 2006
M3 or not M3?
In response to a post earlier this week on M2 and inflation, one of our readers asks why I looked at M2 rather than M3. Here's the answer.
Continue reading "M3 or not M3?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:08 PM permalink | Comments (20)
May 28, 2006
M2 and inflation
High commodity prices and indications of rising inflation have renewed interest in the hypothesis that the U.S. has been increasing the money supply in recent years at an excessive rate.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 12:37 PM permalink | Comments (6)
May 17, 2006
Stagflation
We all understand that the Fed's next move depends on incoming data. But what if the incoming data raise concerns of both higher inflation and slower output growth?
Continue reading "Stagflation"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:43 PM permalink | Comments (17)
May 02, 2006
Reading Bernanke's lips
I still say that many pundits are using the wrong paradigm for interpreting the public pronouncements of the new Federal Reserve Chair.
Continue reading "Reading Bernanke's lips"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:08 PM permalink | Comments (9)
April 24, 2006
Who's afraid of $3 gasoline?
Does the expected strong 2006:Q1 GDP report mean that the economy will shrug off the recent resurgence of gas prices?
Continue reading "Who's afraid of $3 gasoline?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:33 PM permalink | Comments (19)
April 06, 2006
The yield curve and predicting recessions
Jonathan Wright, a brilliant research economist at the Federal Reserve Board, recently completed a very interesting paper titled The Yield Curve and Predicting Recessions. Wright's research seems to have been influential in Fed Chair Ben Bernanke's recent assessment that the current very flat yield curve does not signify a coming significant economic slowdown.
Continue reading "The yield curve and predicting recessions"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:03 PM permalink | Comments (21)
April 04, 2006
What's moving long-term yields?
Long-term interest rates continue to creep up.
Continue reading "What's moving long-term yields?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:30 PM permalink | Comments (20)
March 29, 2006
Learning the new Fedspeak
Curious reaction from both markets and pundits to yesterday's statement from the FOMC accompanying the decision to boost the fed funds rate another 25 basis points.
Continue reading "Learning the new Fedspeak"
Posted by James Hamilton at 01:05 PM permalink | Comments (15)
March 19, 2006
Inflation concerns
The Bureau of Labor Statistics reported that inflation as measured by the seasonally adjusted consumer price index for all urban consumers rose only 0.1% in February (a 1.2% annual rate), down from 0.7% (an 8.4% annual rate) in January. Those who view the monthly CPI as the most important inflation indicator breathed a sigh of relief, perceiving the economy to have lurched from hyperinflation back to price stability within the space of 30 days.
Continue reading "Inflation concerns"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:56 AM permalink | Comments (12)
March 08, 2006
Rising long-term yields
The yield on 10-year U.S. Treasuries is up almost 40 basis points so far this year, which means it's been gaining on the fed funds rate and reducing the prospect of full inversion of the yield curve. Why have rates been going up?
Continue reading "Rising long-term yields"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:18 PM permalink | Comments (7)
March 03, 2006
Autos limp forward
Could be better, could be worse.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 05:15 AM permalink | Comments (4)
February 15, 2006
The Bernanke era begins
New Fed Chair Ben Bernanke provided his first testimony before Congress this morning.
Continue reading "The Bernanke era begins"
Posted by James Hamilton at 09:42 AM permalink | Comments (9)
February 06, 2006
Gold and inflation
What's behind the ongoing run-up in gold prices? One popular interpretation is that investors fear a resurgence of U.S. inflation. But that story just doesn't square with the facts.
Continue reading "Gold and inflation"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:51 AM permalink | Comments (25)
February 01, 2006
Should the Fed worry about going too far?
I wanted to weigh in on the exchange between Kash Mansori at Angry Bear and Dave Altig at Macroblog.
Continue reading "Should the Fed worry about going too far?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:20 PM permalink | Comments (16)
January 25, 2006
Soaring commodity prices
Is U.S. monetary policy behind the surge in commodity prices?
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Posted by James Hamilton at 04:13 PM permalink | Comments (27)
January 09, 2006
What's the Fed waiting for?
The Fed is likely to stop raising rates soon. What will be the final signal that enough is enough?
Continue reading "What's the Fed waiting for?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:17 PM permalink | Comments (9)
January 05, 2006
2005: the oil shock that didn't bite?
All but one of the recessions in the United States since World War II have been preceded by a dramatic increase in oil prices. Did we escape unscathed in 2005?
Continue reading "2005: the oil shock that didn't bite?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:40 PM permalink | Comments (34)
December 29, 2005
Who's afraid of the big bad yield curve?
Lots of talk this week of an inverted yield curve, such as Macroblog, Big Picture, Economist's View, Hypothetical Bias, and Mises Economics Blog. What's the big deal?
Continue reading "Who's afraid of the big bad yield curve?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:37 AM permalink | Comments (17)
December 17, 2005
The real yield curve
Economist's View reported last week on a letter from Alan Greenspan that addressed some questions about monetary policy posed for the Fed Chair by Representative Jim Saxton (R-NJ). I was particularly interested in Greenspan's explanation of why he is not concerned about the seemingly bearish connotations of the slope of the yield curve.
Continue reading "The real yield curve"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:37 PM permalink | Comments (20)
December 12, 2005
The gold standard and the Great Depression
How the gold standard contributed to the Great Depression.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 12:58 PM permalink | Comments (36)
November 30, 2005
Facing the latest economic data
Here are a few thoughts about some of the economic news that's been coming in over the last few weeks.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 05:54 AM permalink | Comments (15)
November 27, 2005
Inverted yield curve edges closer
If you haven't been worrying about the possibility of an inverted yield curve, now might be a good time to start.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 02:17 PM permalink | Comments (17)
November 20, 2005
Hedge fund risk
Psst-- want to earn a 41% annual return over a decade? Then read on.
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Posted by James Hamilton at 02:44 PM permalink | Comments (30)
November 13, 2005
Does it matter whether Bernanke is a Republican?
Mr. Dooley told us that the Supreme Court watches the election returns. So also must the Chair of the Federal Reserve.
Continue reading "Does it matter whether Bernanke is a Republican?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 11:36 AM permalink | Comments (7)
November 02, 2005
Autos continue to tank
The worst October for U.S. auto sales in the last 13 years, it was.
Continue reading "Autos continue to tank"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:21 PM permalink | Comments (50)
October 24, 2005
Ben Bernanke: new Fed chair
Let me add my enthusiastic endorsement of the choice of Ben Bernanke to replace Alan Greenspan for chair of the Federal Reserve Board to the positive support earlier expressed at Marginal Revolution, the Big Picture, New Economist, Economist's View, and Angry Bear.
Continue reading "Ben Bernanke: new Fed chair"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:20 PM permalink | Comments (11)
October 23, 2005
Ford joins the club
Having commented on a number of occasions about General Motors' woes, and striving to be an Equal Opportunity PunditTM, it's only fair to give credit where credit is due. Ford this week showed that it can compete with the best of them in terms of losing money, posting a loss on its North American operations of $1.2 billion for the third quarter and $2.4 billion over the last 15 months. I'm not sure what advice to give Ford. But here's what I think we might expect from U.S. policy makers.
Continue reading "Ford joins the club"
Posted by James Hamilton at 05:59 PM permalink | Comments (52)
October 14, 2005
Inflation's back?
Does today's CPI release indicate that inflation has returned?
Continue reading "Inflation's back?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 12:07 PM permalink | Comments (33)
October 11, 2005
Stagflation
Do recent energy shocks mean we might see a replay of the 1970's stagflation? I believe not, and here's why.
Continue reading "Stagflation"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:10 AM permalink | Comments (43)
October 02, 2005
But you said that more saving was a good thing
After many of us have been arguing for some time that an increase in the U.S. personal saving rate was key for promoting long-run growth and reducing the trade deficit, the American consumer finally obliged with a 0.5% drop in consumption spending in August. But analysts such as Angry Bear and Macroblog see this as an ominous development. So which is right-- is more saving a good thing or a bad thing for the economy?
Continue reading "But you said that more saving was a good thing"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:51 AM permalink | Comments (16)
September 25, 2005
Responding to supply shocks
It seems pretty clear to me that a monetary contraction isn't the appropriate policy response to a supply shock. Apparently there are those within the Federal Reserve who see things differently.
Continue reading "Responding to supply shocks"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:28 PM permalink | Comments (16)
September 19, 2005
Consumer confidence plunges
Yet another key leading indicator turns gloomy. How much can the stock market and the Fed shrug off?
Continue reading "Consumer confidence plunges"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:24 PM permalink | Comments (21)
September 16, 2005
Who cares about core inflation?
This is another one of those months when you could report pretty much any number you like to summarize the current inflation rate, and, as William Polley noted, newspapers did. At times like these, the concept of "core inflation" can be very helpful.
Continue reading "Who cares about core inflation?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 02:04 PM permalink | Comments (20)
September 12, 2005
Hurricane? What hurricane?
Amazingly, gasoline futures on the New York Mercantile Exchange today ended back where they were before Hurricane Katrina struck with all its fury. Retail prices will likely follow that lead. But what about the Fed?
Continue reading "Hurricane? What hurricane?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:57 PM permalink | Comments (7)
August 25, 2005
Recession in 2006-07?
If you just extrapolate the dynamics of past economic expansions, you'd say that a recession within the next few years is quite possible but by no means certain. The question is how much weight you want to attach to some of the other factors.
Continue reading "Recession in 2006-07?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 08:46 PM permalink | Comments (21)
August 17, 2005
Talk of recession
Nine out of the ten recessions in the United States since World War II were preceded by a spike in oil prices. Nevertheless, for the past year, I've been telling people that this time it's going to be different-- the economy could weather the rising price of oil without a downturn. Developments of the last couple of weeks make me a little more concerned.
Continue reading "Talk of recession"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:15 PM permalink | Comments (81)
August 08, 2005
Is there a danger that the Fed will fall behind the inflation curve?
Both Macroblog and Capital Spectator raise the prospect today that rising long-term yields might mean that the Fed waited too long before trying to stamp out the cinders of an incipient inflation fire. I would suggest instead that the increase in long-term yields over the last few months is the natural development that we expect to see in a situation of Fed tightening and has little to do with inflationary expectations.
Continue reading "Is there a danger that the Fed will fall behind the inflation curve?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 10:22 PM permalink | Comments (17)
August 04, 2005
When should we worry about the yield curve?
The slope of the yield curve is likely to become an increasingly bearish indicator as this year progresses, and recent changes in the calculation of the index of leading economic indicators should not be interpreted as in any way denying that fact.
Continue reading "When should we worry about the yield curve?"
Posted by James Hamilton at 03:31 PM permalink | Comments (35)
July 25, 2005
Why the Fed needs to slow down
The Fed has promised to keep on raising interest rates at a "measured pace." I just prefer they'd measure their pace a little more slowly.
Continue reading "Why the Fed needs to slow down"
Posted by James Hamilton at 06:16 PM permalink | Comments (15)
July 13, 2005
The puzzle of long-term yields
Sherlock Holmes solved one of his cases by noticing a dog that didn't bark. Well, here are a few canines that don't seem to be yipping around the decline in long-term bond yields.
Continue reading "The puzzle of long-term yields"
Posted by James Hamilton at 07:22 PM permalink | Comments (8)
July 06, 2005
How high will the Fed push interest rates?
Here's one way you can figure out if you've pulled the car far enough into your garage-- if you run into the wall, you went too far. Hopefully the Fed has another plan for how to decide when to stop raising the fed funds rate.
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Posted by econbrowser at 06:51 PM permalink | Comments (7)
June 18, 2005
Babble about a housing bubble
There's been much discussion recently of whether the U.S. is experiencing a speculative bubble in house prices. Like previous historical bubble sightings, this one only seems to pop up in situations where the fundamentals on their own might justify significant price increases.
Continue reading "Babble about a housing bubble"
Posted by econbrowser at 11:23 AM permalink | Comments (15)
June 13, 2005
Worries about the yield curve
The yield curve has inverted eight times in the last half century, and in six of those episodes, the U.S. ended up in recession. Some analysts are concerned that we may see a ninth inversion before the end of this year.
Continue reading "Worries about the yield curve"
Posted by econbrowser at 12:24 PM permalink | Comments (8)
June 08, 2005
Predicting the Fed's next move
Fed-watching can be something of an arcane sport. Will the subtle disappointments in the May employment and automobile sales figures persuade the Fed to hold back on another interest rate hike? And what would someone who's really "in the know" infer from how high Alan Greenspan raised his right eyebrow at his last public appearance? Although playing that game can be fun, it's actually quite easy for anybody to have a very well-informed belief about what we can expect next from the Federal Reserve.
Continue reading "Predicting the Fed's next move"
Posted by econbrowser at 11:09 AM permalink | Comments (7)